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Neem Leaves and Fruits |
The
need to manage pest without endangering the environment, human beings
and animals led to the search for and identification of alternative (or
botanical) pesticide. Chemical or synthetic pesticides are known for
their toxicity and potential hazard to human or animal health. Organic
agriculture prohibits the use of chemical pesticides. Over time,
different plants parts have been used as botanical pesticide and some of
these plants include, Eucalyptus, Lemon grass, Basil, Acacia, Capsicum,
Garlic, Castor, Melissa, Pyrethrum, Pomegranate, etc. Function of these
botanical pesticides varies from one plant to another due to different
active ingredients. These plants have commercial opportunity for
development of botanical Insecticides, Acracides, Fungicides,
Bactericides, Nematicides and Herbicides for agricultural uses. However,
this article will be focusing on the potential of Neem for agricultural
and industrial uses.
Neem (Azadirachta indica)
is a wonder tree that has been used as botanical pesticide. This tree
is common in Africa and India. Common name for Neem by geographical
location are as follows, Dogonyaro (Nigeria), Margosa/Indian Lilac
Tree/Margosa/(Europe), Vepa/Vembu/Yeppa/Veppam/Nimbay (India), Kohunmba
(Sri Lanka), Thinbaw (Myanmar), Aza darakbul hind (Arabic, Middle east)
etc.
According
to Rawat, The neem tree was considered a gift of God and the panacea
for all diseases. In an old Indian proverb it was said,
''The land where the neem tree abound,
Can death, disease there in be found?''
Neem has also been called “Heal all”, “Divine Tree”, “Village Pharmacy” and even “Nature’s drugstore”
Major plant parts used for pesticide
production are the leaves and fruits with major active ingredient being
Azadirachtin. Azadirachtin is contained in seeds in larger proportion
than the leaves. Neem is almost non-toxic to mammals and is
biodegradable. It is used as ingredient in toothpaste, soap, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals. The leaves can be incorporated into materials used
in composting thereby making the compost serves as both fertilizer and
pesticides. Neem, along with Tea tree and Propolis, can be used as a
natural mouthwash.
Neem is unique among pesticides since it has so many uses: It
acts as a broad-spectrum repellent, growth
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Neem Oil |
regulator and insect poison.
It discourages feeding by making plants or crop unpalatable to insects.
Neem has a systemic effect on plants, i.e. plants can take up neem
extracts through their roots and leaves, spreading material throughout
the plant tissue. Neem
seeds contain oil and Azadirachtin that can be obtained through
Mechanical cold-press or Solvent Extraction Method.. After the oil has
been pressed out, what is left over is Neem Cake, when ground, it
becomes Neem cake powder.
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Neem Cake |
Neem cake acts as both fertilizer and pesticide. It is effective against
soil-born diseases and insects. De-bittered
neem cake has been used in animal and poultry feeding. The cake contain
high level of amino-acids (protein) and essential minerals. The neem oil is equally effective in
the control of soft-bodied insects, mite and phytopathogens. Dandruff
resulting from a fungal infection can be cleared with a teaspoonful of
neem oil added to a bottle of your ordinary shampoo.
Generally,
neem extract can be used to control insect pests such as Caterpillars,
Cabbage worms, White flies, Armyworms, Cutworms, Stem borers, Bollworms,
Leaf miners, Caterpillars, Aphids, Leafhoppers, Psyllids, Scales,
Mites, Thrips, etc.
For your Original Neem oil, Neem Cake and Neem-based Fertilizer
or Organic Fertilizer Supply.
Please Contact Kaspharyn Solutions on: Tel: +2348056766126; Whatsapp: +2347066515451
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